{"id":55,"date":"2026-01-07T13:45:54","date_gmt":"2026-01-07T12:45:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/?p=55"},"modified":"2026-09-18T11:38:22","modified_gmt":"2026-09-18T09:38:22","slug":"zakladne-pojmy-o-pc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pojmy o PC"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pojmy o PC<\/strong> pom\u00e1haj\u00fa zorientova\u0165 sa v tom, z \u010doho sa po\u010d\u00edta\u010d sklad\u00e1, \u010do ovplyv\u0148uje jeho v\u00fdkon a ak\u00fd je rozdiel medzi pojmami ako <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#procesor\">CPU<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#ram\">RAM<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#gpu\">GPU<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#ssd\">SSD<\/a> alebo <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#nvme\">NVMe<\/a>. \u010cl\u00e1nok sp\u00e1ja dne\u0161n\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie s historick\u00fdmi pojmami, s ktor\u00fdmi sa e\u0161te m\u00f4\u017eete stretn\u00fa\u0165 pri star\u0161\u00edch po\u010d\u00edta\u010doch.<\/p>\n\n<p>Najprv si vysvetl\u00edme hlavn\u00e9 \u010dasti modern\u00e9ho PC a potom sa pozrieme aj na star\u0161ie technol\u00f3gie, ako s\u00fa diskety, IDE\/PATA, optick\u00e9 mechaniky \u010di klasick\u00e9 roz\u0161iruj\u00face karty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_88 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Obsah<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Hardver_%E2%80%93_fyzicke_casti_pocitaca\" >Hardv\u00e9r \u2013 fyzick\u00e9 \u010dasti po\u010d\u00edta\u010da<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Softver_%E2%80%93_operacny_system_a_programy\" >Softv\u00e9r \u2013 opera\u010dn\u00fd syst\u00e9m a programy<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Zakladne_programove_vybavenie_pocitaca\" >Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 programov\u00e9 vybavenie po\u010d\u00edta\u010da<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Z_coho_sa_sklada_pocitac\" >Z \u010doho sa sklad\u00e1 po\u010d\u00edta\u010d<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Zakladna_doska\" >Z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 doska<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Procesor_CPU\" >Procesor (CPU)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Intel_a_AMD_procesory\" >Intel a AMD procesory<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Graficka_karta_GPU\" >Grafick\u00e1 karta (GPU)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Pamat_RAM_a_dalsie_typy_pamate\" >Pam\u00e4\u0165 RAM a \u010fal\u0161ie typy pam\u00e4te<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Generacie_RAM_od_SDRAM_po_DDR5\" >Gener\u00e1cie RAM: od SDRAM po DDR5<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Zdroj_a_chladenie\" >Zdroj a chladenie<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Ulozisko_HDD_a_SSD\" >\u00dalo\u017eisko: HDD a SSD<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#HDD_%E2%80%93_klasicky_pevny_disk\" >HDD \u2013 klasick\u00fd pevn\u00fd disk<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Formaty_pevnych_diskov\" >Form\u00e1ty pevn\u00fdch diskov<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Rozhrania_pevnych_diskov\" >Rozhrania pevn\u00fdch diskov<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#SSD_%E2%80%93_moderne_polovodicove_ulozisko\" >SSD \u2013 modern\u00e9 polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017eisko<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Flash_pamate_a_prenosne_media\" >Flash pam\u00e4te a prenosn\u00e9 m\u00e9di\u00e1<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#BIOSUEFI_chipset_a_zbernice\" >BIOS\/UEFI, chipset a zbernice<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Moderne_rozhrania_a_konektory\" >Modern\u00e9 rozhrania a konektory<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Rozsirujuce_karty\" >Roz\u0161iruj\u00face karty<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Moderne_rozsirujuce_karty\" >Modern\u00e9 roz\u0161iruj\u00face karty<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Historicke_technologie_s_ktorymi_sa_este_mozete_stretnut\" >Historick\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie, s ktor\u00fdmi sa e\u0161te m\u00f4\u017eete stretn\u00fa\u0165<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Co_dnes_najviac_ovplyvnuje_vykon_pocitaca\" >\u010co dnes najviac ovplyv\u0148uje v\u00fdkon po\u010d\u00edta\u010da?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Casto_kladene_otazky_FAQ\" >\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky (FAQ)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Aky_je_rozdiel_medzi_hardverom_a_softverom\" >Ak\u00fd je rozdiel medzi hardv\u00e9rom a softv\u00e9rom?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Co_je_procesor_CPU\" >\u010co je procesor (CPU)?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Na_co_sluzi_operacna_pamat_RAM\" >Na \u010do sl\u00fa\u017ei opera\u010dn\u00e1 pam\u00e4\u0165 RAM?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Aky_je_rozdiel_medzi_HDD_a_SSD_diskom\" >Ak\u00fd je rozdiel medzi HDD a SSD diskom?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Co_znamena_M2\" >\u010co znamen\u00e1 M.2?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Na_co_sluzi_graficka_karta_GPU\" >Na \u010do sl\u00fa\u017ei grafick\u00e1 karta (GPU)?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Co_znamena_PCI_Express_PCIe\" >\u010co znamen\u00e1 PCI Express (PCIe)?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Co_je_LAN_a_WAN\" >\u010co je LAN a WAN?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Co_je_DNS\" >\u010co je DNS?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/#Co_je_VPN\" >\u010co je VPN?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hardver_%E2%80%93_fyzicke_casti_pocitaca\"><\/span>Hardv\u00e9r \u2013 fyzick\u00e9 \u010dasti po\u010d\u00edta\u010da<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad185f864e72&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad185f864e72\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/hlavne-komponenty-pocitaca-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"Hlavn\u00e9 komponenty po\u010d\u00edta\u010da \u2013 CPU, RAM, SSD alebo HDD, GPU, z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 doska, zdroj a chladenie\" class=\"wp-image-1849\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/hlavne-komponenty-pocitaca-1024x1024.webp 1024w, https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/hlavne-komponenty-pocitaca-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/hlavne-komponenty-pocitaca-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/hlavne-komponenty-pocitaca-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/hlavne-komponenty-pocitaca.webp 1254w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Hlavn\u00e9 komponenty po\u010d\u00edta\u010da a ich z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 \u00faloha<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Technick\u00e9 vybavenie po\u010d\u00edta\u010da, fyzick\u00e9 komponenty.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PC sa sklad\u00e1 z troch \u010dast\u00ed &#8211; v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00e1 jednotka, vstupn\u00e9 a v\u00fdstupn\u00e9 zariadenia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vo vn\u00fatri po\u010d\u00edta\u010da pracuje z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 doska, na ktorej n\u00e1jdete procesor, opera\u010dn\u00fa pam\u00e4\u0165 a \u010fal\u0161ie s\u00fa\u010diastky. Okrem nej po\u010d\u00edta\u010d vyu\u017e\u00edva zdroj nap\u00e1jania, pevn\u00e9 disky, roz\u0161iruj\u00face karty a chladiace komponenty.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V\u00fdkon PC z\u00e1vis\u00ed od kombin\u00e1cie procesora, kapacity a r\u00fdchlosti RAM, typu \u00falo\u017eiska, grafickej karty, chladenia a konkr\u00e9tnej z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee. Pri be\u017enej pr\u00e1ci m\u00e1 ve\u013ek\u00fd vplyv r\u00fdchle SSD, pri hr\u00e1ch a 3D aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1ch najm\u00e4 GPU a CPU.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hardv\u00e9rov\u00e1 kompatibilita znamen\u00e1 fakt \u010di dan\u00e9 komponenty spolu dok\u00e1\u017eu komunikova\u0165 &#8211; fungova\u0165 (neplat\u00ed to len pre hardv\u00e9r).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Softver_%E2%80%93_operacny_system_a_programy\"><\/span>Softv\u00e9r \u2013 opera\u010dn\u00fd syst\u00e9m a programy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Je to programov\u00e9 vybavenie po\u010d\u00edta\u010da. Sem patr\u00ed jednak samotn\u00fd opera\u010dn\u00fd syst\u00e9m a jednak v\u0161etky aplik\u00e1cie, hry, programy. S\u00fa to vlastne nehmotn\u00e9 komponenty na rozdiel od hardv\u00e9ru. Softv\u00e9r a hardv\u00e9r musia existova\u0165 spolu, jedno bez druh\u00e9ho nedok\u00e1\u017ee fungovat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V po\u010d\u00edta\u010di m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 nain\u0161talovan\u00fdch viacero programov &#8211; softv\u00e9ru s\u00fa\u010dasne a dokonca mnoh\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu s\u00fa\u010dasne fungova\u0165. Takto sa to deje aj v samotnom opera\u010dnom syst\u00e9me. Ke\u010f pou\u017e\u00edvate viacero aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed naraz, po\u010d\u00edta\u010d mus\u00ed spracova\u0165 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie mno\u017estvo \u00faloh. Preto m\u00f4\u017ee pracova\u0165 pomal\u0161ie, najm\u00e4 ak nem\u00e1 dostatok v\u00fdkonu alebo opera\u010dnej pam\u00e4te.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zakladne_programove_vybavenie_pocitaca\"><\/span>Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 programov\u00e9 vybavenie po\u010d\u00edta\u010da<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Programov\u00e9 vybavenie sa del\u00ed pod\u013ea \u00fa\u010delu pou\u017eitia. Mnoh\u00e9 programy pon\u00fakaj\u00fa funkcie z viacer\u00fdch skup\u00edn, preto ich nie je v\u017edy mo\u017en\u00e9 jednozna\u010dne zaradi\u0165. Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 skupiny s\u00fa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>opera\u010dn\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>u\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9 rozhranie<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>aplika\u010dn\u00fd softv\u00e9r<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>preklada\u010de programovac\u00edch jazykov<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Z_coho_sa_sklada_pocitac\"><\/span>Z \u010doho sa sklad\u00e1 po\u010d\u00edta\u010d<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Po\u010d\u00edta\u010d<\/strong>&nbsp;je zariadenie alebo lep\u0161ie povedan\u00e9 stroj na realiz\u00e1ciu v\u00fdpo\u010dtov alebo riadenie oper\u00e1ci\u00ed reprezentovan\u00fdm \u010d\u00edseln\u00fdmi alebo logick\u00fdmi v\u00fdrazmi. Po\u010d\u00edta\u010de sa skladaj\u00fa z komponentov ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa presne definovan\u00e9 funkcie. Komplexn\u00e9 vz\u0165ahy medzi komponentami d\u00e1vaj\u00fa po\u010d\u00edta\u010dom schopnosti spracov\u00e1va\u0165 inform\u00e1cie. Hoci sa po\u010d\u00edta\u010de od 40-tych rokov minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia dramaticky zmenili, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina z nich pou\u017e\u00edva tzv.&nbsp;<strong>von Neumannovu<\/strong>&nbsp;architekt\u00faru. Fungovanie je pomerne jednoduch\u00e9. Po\u010d\u00edta\u010d je riaden\u00fd hodinov\u00fdm cyklom a ka\u017ed\u00fa oper\u00e1ciu rob\u00edm v r\u00e1mci jedn\u00e9ho cyklu. Tieto oper\u00e1cie sa naz\u00fdvaj\u00fa in\u0161trukcie a v dne\u0161n\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010doch v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou trvaj\u00fa aj viac cyklov ale urobia viac oper\u00e1ci\u00ed naraz. Von Neumannova architekt\u00fara popisuje po\u010d\u00edta\u010d pomocou \u0161tyroch \u010dast\u00ed:&nbsp;<strong>aritmeticko-logick\u00e1 jednotka<\/strong>&nbsp;(ALU),&nbsp;<strong>riadiaca jednotka<\/strong>&nbsp;(CPU),&nbsp;<strong>pam\u00e4\u0165<\/strong>&nbsp;(RAM, <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#rom\">ROM<\/a>, in\u00e9),&nbsp;<strong>vstupno-v\u00fdstupn\u00e9 zariadenia<\/strong>&nbsp;(IO alebo V\/V). Zbernica umo\u017e\u0148uje komunik\u00e1ciu medzi jednotliv\u00fdmi \u010das\u0165ami po\u010d\u00edta\u010da a hodiny koordinuj\u00fa ich spolupr\u00e1cu. Okrem toho m\u00f4\u017eu niektor\u00e9 procesy reagova\u0165 aj na \u010fal\u0161ie udalosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prv\u00fd elektronick\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d na v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 pou\u017eitie &#8211; ENIAC, vyroben\u00fd v roku 1946:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad185f865559&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad185f865559\" class=\"wp-block-image wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pcsluzba.sk\/images\/eniac.jpg\" alt=\"Eniac\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ENIAC bol na svoju dobu revolu\u010dn\u00fd, no dne\u0161n\u00e9 osobn\u00e9 zariadenia ho v\u00fdkonom mnohon\u00e1sobne prekon\u00e1vaj\u00fa. Pod\u013ea University of Pennsylvania v\u00e1\u017eil pribli\u017ene 30 ton a zaberal asi 1 800 \u0161tvorcov\u00fdch st\u00f4p, teda pribli\u017ene 167 m\u00b2. Obsahoval 17 468 elektr\u00f3nok a jeho v\u00fdroba st\u00e1la pribli\u017ene pol mili\u00f3na dol\u00e1rov. <a href=\"https:\/\/penntoday.upenn.edu\/news\/worlds-first-general-purpose-computer-turns-75\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zdroj: University of Pennsylvania<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zakladna_doska\"><\/span>Z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 doska<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na z\u00e1kladnej doske n\u00e1jdete procesor, pam\u00e4\u0165, roz\u0161iruj\u00face sloty a konektory pre \u010fal\u0161ie zariadenia. Doska jednotliv\u00e9 komponenty prep\u00e1ja a zabezpe\u010duje ich vz\u00e1jomn\u00fa komunik\u00e1ciu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00edklad z\u00e1kladnej dosky pre v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 procesory Intel:&nbsp;<strong><strong>MSI MAG Z890 TOMAHAWK WIFI<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad185f865c0d&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad185f865c0d\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"428\" height=\"570\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/zakladne-pojmy-2.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-201\" style=\"width:390px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/zakladne-pojmy-2.webp 428w, https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/zakladne-pojmy-2-225x300.webp 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 428px) 100vw, 428px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 doska \u2013 Intel Z890, socket Intel 1851, rozmer ATX, 4\u00d7 DDR5, 9200 MHz (OC), 3\u00d7 <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#pcie\">PCIe<\/a> x16, 4\u00d7 <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#sata\">SATA<\/a> III, 4\u00d7 <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#m2\">M.2<\/a>, RJ-45 (<a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#lan\">LAN<\/a>) 5 Gbps, 4\u00d7 USB 3.2 Gen 2, 4\u00d7 USB 3.2.Gen 1 (USB 3.0), 2\u00d7 <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#thunderbolt\">Thunderbolt<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#hdmi\">HDMI<\/a> 2.1, 7.1 zvukov\u00e1 karta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Procesor_CPU\"><\/span>Procesor (CPU)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Procesor (CPU) \u2013 z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 jednotka po\u010d\u00edta\u010da t.j. logick\u00fd automat pre spracovanie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed. Bez perif\u00e9rnych zariaden\u00ed a bez hlavnej pam\u00e4ti tvor\u00ed srdce a mozog cel\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010da. Procesor do zna\u010dnej miery ovplyv\u0148uje v\u00fdkon cel\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010da. Procesor sa prip\u00e1ja k z\u00e1kladnej doske a obsahuje r\u00fdchle pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9 bunky \u2013 registre. Modern\u00e9 procesory obsahuj\u00fa viac \u00farovn\u00ed ve\u013emi r\u00fdchlej vyrovn\u00e1vacej pam\u00e4te cache a viacero jadier, ktor\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017eu sprac\u00fava\u0165 \u00falohy paralelne. V be\u017en\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010doch sa dnes stret\u00e1vame s procesormi od nieko\u013ek\u00fdch jadier a\u017e po desiatky jadier; pri v\u00fdbere je preto d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd nielen po\u010det jadier, ale aj architekt\u00fara, v\u00fdkon jedn\u00e9ho jadra, spotreba a konkr\u00e9tne pou\u017eitie po\u010d\u00edta\u010da.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00edklad v\u00fdkonn\u00e9ho procesora s\u00fa\u010dasnosti:&nbsp;<strong><strong>Intel Core Ultra 9 285<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad185f86624b&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad185f86624b\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"375\" height=\"383\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/zakladne-pojmy-3.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-203\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/zakladne-pojmy-3.webp 375w, https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/zakladne-pojmy-3-294x300.webp 294w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Procesor 24-jadrov\u00fd, 24 vl\u00e1ken, 5,6 GHz (TDP 182 W), Boost 5,6 GHz, 36 MB L3 cache, Intel Graphics 300 MHz, socket Intel 1851, Arrow Lake<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Intel_a_AMD_procesory\"><\/span>Intel a AMD procesory<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pre dne\u0161n\u00e9 dom\u00e1ce po\u010d\u00edta\u010de prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa do \u00favahy procesory od dvoch popredn\u00fdch svetov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobcov:&nbsp;<strong>Intel a AMD<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>AMD<\/strong>&nbsp;pon\u00faka napr\u00edklad:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ryzen<\/strong> je hlavn\u00e1 rada procesorov AMD pre be\u017en\u00e9 stoln\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de. Jednotliv\u00e9 gener\u00e1cie sa l\u00ed\u0161ia architekt\u00farou, po\u010dtom jadier, spotrebou aj podporovan\u00fdmi platformami; pri modern\u00fdch zostav\u00e1ch sa be\u017ene stret\u00e1vame so socketom AM5 a pam\u00e4\u0165ami DDR5.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ryzen Threadripper<\/strong> a&nbsp;Threadripper PRO 7000 radu WX stavaj\u00fa na osved\u010denom v\u00fdkone a&nbsp;schopnostiach, aby umelcom, architektom a&nbsp;in\u017einierom poskytli bezkonkuren\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdkon vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch oblastiach. V\u010faka a\u017e 96 vysokov\u00fdkonn\u00fdm jadr\u00e1m (o&nbsp;40 jadier viac ako pri konkuren\u010dn\u00fdch procesoroch pre pracovn\u00e9 stanice) a&nbsp;zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm maxim\u00e1lnym boost frekvenci\u00e1m naprie\u010d cel\u00fdm modelov\u00fdm radom pom\u00e1haj\u00fa tvoriv\u00fdm profesion\u00e1lom s&nbsp;istotou rie\u0161i\u0165 najr\u00f4znej\u0161ie zlo\u017eit\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00e9 \u00falohy. Threadripper PRO navy\u0161e pon\u00faka neuverite\u013en\u00fa roz\u0161\u00edrite\u013enos\u0165 v\u010faka 128 link\u00e1m PCIe pre pokro\u010dil\u00e9 konfigur\u00e1cie s&nbsp;viacer\u00fdmi grafick\u00fdmi procesormi na tr\u00e9ning, simul\u00e1cie a&nbsp;vykres\u013eovanie umelej inteligencie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Intel<\/strong>&nbsp;m\u00e1 pre n\u00e1s tieto procesory, niektor\u00e9 maj\u00fa na sebe aj grafick\u00fa kartu, in\u00e9 nie:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Intel Core a Intel Core Ultra<\/strong> s\u00fa dne\u0161n\u00e9 hlavn\u00e9 rodiny procesorov pre osobn\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de. Intel postupne pre\u0161iel od tradi\u010dn\u00e9ho ozna\u010denia Core i3\/i5\/i7\/i9 aj k rade Core Ultra; konkr\u00e9tne modely sa l\u00ed\u0161ia po\u010dtom jadier, integrovanou grafikou, spotrebou a ur\u010den\u00edm pre desktop alebo notebook.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Xeon<\/strong> W&nbsp;s\u00fa \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 procesory navrhnut\u00e9 \u0161peci\u00e1lne pre pracovn\u00e9 stanice a&nbsp;profesion\u00e1lne nasadenie. Tieto \u010dipy poskytuj\u00fa vysok\u00fd v\u00fdkon a&nbsp;spo\u013eahlivos\u0165 pre n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 \u00falohy, ako s\u00fa profesion\u00e1lne grafick\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce, vedeck\u00e9 simul\u00e1cie a&nbsp;n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Graficka_karta_GPU\"><\/span>Grafick\u00e1 karta (GPU)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Grafick\u00fd procesor sprac\u00fava obraz a paraleln\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty. V be\u017enom kancel\u00e1rskom po\u010d\u00edta\u010di m\u00f4\u017ee sta\u010di\u0165 integrovan\u00e1 grafika v procesore, zatia\u013e \u010do hry, 3D modelovanie, strih videa alebo niektor\u00e9 \u00falohy umelej inteligencie vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa samostatn\u00fa grafick\u00fa kartu s vlastnou pam\u00e4\u0165ou VRAM.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pamat_RAM_a_dalsie_typy_pamate\"><\/span>Pam\u00e4\u0165 RAM a \u010fal\u0161ie typy pam\u00e4te<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p>sl\u00fa\u017ei na ulo\u017eenie (zaznamenanie) inform\u00e1ci\u00ed ale aj in\u0161trukci\u00ed pre procesor. M\u00f4\u017eu to by\u0165 aj vstupn\u00e9 alebo v\u00fdstupn\u00e9 \u00fadaje, medziv\u00fdsledky ale aj grafick\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie a podobne. Pam\u00e4\u0165 del\u00edme na opera\u010dn\u00fa (vn\u00fatorn\u00fa), zabezpe\u010duje uschovanie \u00fadajov a programov v dobe, kedy po\u010d\u00edta\u010d pracuje a na u\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00fa (vonkaj\u0161iu), ktor\u00e1 sl\u00fa\u017ei na dlhodob\u00e9 uchov\u00e1vanie \u00fadajov a programov v dobe, kedy je po\u010d\u00edta\u010d vypnut\u00fd.Z fyzik\u00e1lneho h\u013eadiska del\u00edme pam\u00e4te na:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pam\u00e4\u0165 RAM<\/strong>&nbsp;(Random Access Memory) alebo tie\u017e RWM (Read-Write Memory) &#8211; \u00fadaje m\u00f4\u017eeme \u013eubovo\u013ene zapisova\u0165 aj ich \u010d\u00edta\u0165. Pou\u017e\u00edva sa najm\u00e4 ako opera\u010dn\u00e1 pam\u00e4\u0165 osobn\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010da &#8211; PC.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pam\u00e4\u0165 ROM<\/strong>&nbsp;(Read Only Memory) &#8211; v\u00fdrobca do tejto pam\u00e4te zapisuje \u00fadaje u\u017e pri v\u00fdrobe a pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e ich potom najm\u00e4 \u010d\u00edta.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vonkaj\u0161ia pam\u00e4\u0165<\/strong>&nbsp;&#8211; rad\u00edme sem najm\u00e4 diskov\u00e9 jednotky; s\u00fa to r\u00f4zne druhy pam\u00e4t\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 sa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa mimo po\u010d\u00edta\u010da; pri vonkaj\u0161\u00edch pam\u00e4tiach s\u00fa \u00fadaje ulo\u017een\u00e9 na nosi\u010doch \u00fadajov &#8211; m\u00e9di\u00e1ch. Sem patr\u00ed ja pevn\u00fd disk (harddisk) ktor\u00fd obsahuje ve\u013ek\u00e9 z\u00e1znamov\u00e9 kapacity, dok\u00e1\u017ee pomerne r\u00fdchlo pren\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 \u00fadaje do pam\u00e4te a naopak. \u00dadaje sa ukladaj\u00fa na magneticky citliv\u00fdch platniach. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou sa nach\u00e1dza vo vn\u00fatri po\u010d\u00edta\u010da ale rad\u00ed sa medzi vonkaj\u0161ie pam\u00e4te.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00edklad v\u00fdkonnej DDR3 RAM:&nbsp;<strong>CORSAIR DDR3 2048MB 1600MHz<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad185f866835&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad185f866835\" class=\"wp-block-image wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pcsluzba.sk\/images\/corsairddr3.jpg\" alt=\"CORSAIR DDR3 2048MB 1600MHz\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Generacie_RAM_od_SDRAM_po_DDR5\"><\/span>Gener\u00e1cie RAM: od SDRAM po DDR5<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdch osobn\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010doch a notebookoch n\u00e1jdete najm\u00e4 tieto typy pam\u00e4t\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>SDRAM<\/strong>&nbsp;(Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory) je polovodi\u010dov\u00e1 dynamick\u00e1 pam\u00e4\u0165. Prenosu \u00fadajov predch\u00e1dza z\u00e1pis adresy a nastavenie re\u017eimu, potom hodinov\u00fd sign\u00e1l riadi samotn\u00fd prenos. V\u010faka tomu pam\u00e4\u0165 zapisuje a \u010d\u00edta \u00fadaje v blokoch v\u00fdrazne vy\u0161\u0161ou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>DDRAM<\/strong>&nbsp;(skratka z Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory) pri ktorej sa na rozdiel od star\u0161iho typu SDRAM pren\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa d\u00e1ta aj po\u010das n\u00e1be\u017enej aj dobe\u017enej hrany jednej peri\u00f3dy hodinov\u00e9ho sign\u00e1lu ktor\u00fd je pam\u00e4\u0165 taktovan\u00e1 a t\u00fdm p\u00e1dom je shopn\u00e1 prenies\u0165 dva kr\u00e1t viac \u00fadaojov za rovnak\u00fd \u010das,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>DDRAM2<\/strong>&nbsp;(alebo aj DDR2) s\u00fa n\u00e1stupcom predo\u0161l\u00e9ho typu, pracuj\u00fa na vy\u0161\u0161ej frekvencii a umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa p\u00e1rov\u00e9 zapojenie s paraleln\u00fdm pr\u00edstupom k dvom pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00fdm modulom,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>DDR3, DDR4 a DDR5<\/strong> s\u00fa nov\u0161ie gener\u00e1cie opera\u010dnej pam\u00e4te. V dne\u0161n\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010doch sa naj\u010dastej\u0161ie stret\u00e1vame s DDR4 a DDR5; DDR3 je typick\u00e1 sk\u00f4r pre star\u0161ie zostavy. Ud\u00e1van\u00e9 r\u00fdchlosti sa dnes be\u017ene pohybuj\u00fa v tis\u00edcoch MT\/s, nie v GHz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To ist\u00e9 plat\u00ed aj pre pam\u00e4te v notebookoch, maj\u00fa ale in\u00e9 prevedenie z d\u00f4vodu \u00faspory priestoru. Plat\u00ed pochopite\u013ene \u017ee rovnako v\u00fdkonn\u00e1 pam\u00e4\u0165 v PC je lacnej\u0161ia ako prevedenie pre notebook.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zdroj_a_chladenie\"><\/span>Zdroj a chladenie<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nap\u00e1jac\u00ed zdroj (PSU) premie\u0148a elektrick\u00fa energiu zo siete na nap\u00e4tia, ktor\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa komponenty po\u010d\u00edta\u010da. Kvalita a dostato\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdkon zdroja ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa stabilitu celej zostavy. Rovnako d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je chladenie procesora, grafickej karty a pr\u00fadenie vzduchu v skrinke, preto\u017ee vysok\u00e9 teploty m\u00f4\u017eu zni\u017eova\u0165 v\u00fdkon alebo sp\u00f4sobova\u0165 nestabilitu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ulozisko_HDD_a_SSD\"><\/span>\u00dalo\u017eisko: HDD a SSD<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"HDD_%E2%80%93_klasicky_pevny_disk\"><\/span>HDD \u2013 klasick\u00fd pevn\u00fd disk<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#hdd\">HDD<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;(z angl. hard disk, HD alebo harddisk drive, HDD, predt\u00fdm tie\u017e Winchester) je zariadenie, ktor\u00e9 uchov\u00e1va d\u00e1ta v po\u010d\u00edta\u010doch ale v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti aj v in\u00fdch pr\u00edstrojoch. Pevn\u00fd disk zapisuje d\u00e1ta pomocou magnetick\u00e9ho z\u00e1znamu, podobne ako na magnetof\u00f3nov\u00fa p\u00e1sku. V\u00fdhodu m\u00e1 hlavne v tom \u017ee d\u00e1ta s\u00fa na \u0148om ulo\u017een\u00e9 natrvalo, teda a\u017e pokia\u013e nie s\u00fa zmazan\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom. V\u010faka tejto vlastnosti patr\u00ed HDD medzi energeticky nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9 m\u00e9di\u00e1. Ulo\u017een\u00e9 \u00fadaje toti\u017e uchov\u00e1va aj po ukon\u010den\u00ed dod\u00e1vky elektrickej energie. Pou\u017e\u00edva sa predov\u0161etk\u00fdm v po\u010d\u00edta\u010doch a in\u00fdch digit\u00e1lnych zariadeniach, napr\u00edklad digit\u00e1lnych fotoapar\u00e1taoch, DVD rekord\u00e9roch, video kamer\u00e1ch alebo v prehr\u00e1va\u010doch hudby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00edklad vysokokapacitn\u00e9ho pevn\u00e9ho disku:&nbsp;<strong>WD Red PRO Int. Disk 16TB 3,5&#8243;, 7200RPM, SATA3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad185f866ccd&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad185f866ccd\" class=\"wp-block-image wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pcsluzba.sk\/images\/wd2tb.jpg\" alt=\"Western Digital Green 2000GB 32MB SATA2\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pevn\u00fd 3,5&#8243; disk pre <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#nas\">NAS<\/a>, kapacita 16 TB, vyrovn\u00e1vacia pam\u00e4\u0165 512 MB, rozhranie SATA III (6 Gb\/s), r\u00fdchlos\u0165  7200 ot.\/min., Exkluz\u00edvna NASware 3.0 technol\u00f3gie, ide\u00e1lne pre stredn\u00e9 a\u017e ve\u013ek\u00e9 NAS \u00falo\u017eisko s a\u017e 24 poz\u00edciami, vy\u0161\u0161ia stredn\u00e1 doba medzi chybami (MTBF) a\u017e 1 mili\u00f3n hod\u00edn. Prev\u00e1dzka 24\/7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Formaty_pevnych_diskov\"><\/span>Form\u00e1ty pevn\u00fdch diskov<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Form\u00e1t pevn\u00e9ho disku ozna\u010duje najm\u00e4 jeho fyzick\u00fa ve\u013ekos\u0165. Pri klasick\u00fdch HDD sa rozmery tradi\u010dne ud\u00e1vaj\u00fa v palcoch; 1 palec (inch) m\u00e1 pribli\u017ene 2,54 cm. Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie form\u00e1ty s\u00fa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1 palcov\u00e9 (1&#8243;) pre miniat\u00farne zariadenia ako napr\u00edklad pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9 karty,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1,8 palcov\u00e9 (1,8&#8243;) ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa rozmery pribli\u017ene 54mm x 79mm x 8mm, hmotnos\u0165 cca 60g a kapacitu m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 a\u017e 250GB. Pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa sa do mininotebookov ale aj do zariaden\u00fd ako napr\u00edklad iPod,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V\u00fdrobcovia tradi\u010dne montovali 2,5-palcov\u00e9 (2,5&#8243;) disky najm\u00e4 do notebookov a kompaktn\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed; dnes ich v tejto \u00falohe vo ve\u013ekej miere nahradili SSD.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3,5 palcov\u00e9 (3,5&#8243;) v rozmeroch pribli\u017ene 102mm x 147mm x 26mm, hmostnos\u0165 650g a kapacitou a\u017e 20000GB (20TB). Tak\u00e9to disky s\u00fa dnes najroz\u0161\u00edrenej\u0161ie v stoln\u00fdch PC ale aj v serveroch,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>5,25 a viac palcov\u00e9 sa pou\u017e\u00edvali v minulosti a dnes ich m\u00f4\u017ee n\u00e1js\u0165 takmer v\u00fdlu\u010dne v m\u00faze\u00e1ch, u\u017e sa nevyr\u00e1baj\u00fa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rozhrania_pevnych_diskov\"><\/span>Rozhrania pevn\u00fdch diskov<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pevn\u00e9 disky pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa pod\u013ea typu zariadenia a obdobia r\u00f4zne rozhrania:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IDE\/EIDE\/ATA\/ATAPI (z angl. Integrated Drive Electronics) &#8211; paraleln\u00e9 16 bitov\u00e9 rozhranie s prenosou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou od 160 Mbit\/s a\u017e po 1330 Mbit\/s (ATA133 verzia), star\u0161ie stoln\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SATA (z angl. Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) &#8211; s\u00e9riov\u00e9 rozhranie s r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou od 1500 Mbit\/s (SATA 1.0) cez 3000 Mbit\/s (SATA 2.0) a\u017e 6000 Mbit\/s (SATA 3.0), pou\u017e\u00edva sa s s\u00fa\u010dastn\u00fdch modern\u00fdch stoln\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010doch ale aj serveroch, verzia na pripojenie extern\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed, diskov sa vol\u00e1 e-SATA,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) &#8211; paraleln\u00e9 rozhranie ur\u010den\u00e9 nielen na komunik\u00e1ciu diskov\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed; dosahovalo r\u00fdchlosti od 40 Mbit\/s a\u017e po 5120 Mbit\/s (Ultra-640) a vyu\u017e\u00edvalo sa najm\u00e4 v serverov\u00fdch rie\u0161eniach,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SSA, SAS (Serial-attached SCSI) &#8211; s\u00e9riov\u00e1 verzia SCSI ktor\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje pripoji\u0165 a\u017e 16256 zariaden\u00ed na jednu zbernicu (v pr\u00edpade SCSI je maximum 16 zariaden\u00ed), r\u00fdchlosti od 320 Mbit\/s a\u017e po 2400 Mbit\/s.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>FC-AL (Fibre Channel-Arbitrated Loop) &#8211; optick\u00e1 technol\u00f3gia pre diskov\u00e9 polia, pri ktorej zariadenia vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa kruh. Jedna zbernica podporuje a\u017e 127 zariaden\u00ed a prenosov\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 dosahuje a\u017e 3600 Mbit\/s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010eal\u0161ie podstatn\u00e9 parametre diskov s\u00fa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>r\u00fdchlos\u0165 ot\u00e1\u010dania,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>vyrovn\u00e1vacia pam\u00e4\u0165 (cache),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>stredn\u00e1 doba medzi poruchami.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SSD_%E2%80%93_moderne_polovodicove_ulozisko\"><\/span>SSD \u2013 modern\u00e9 polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017eisko<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>SSD<\/strong> (Solid State Drive) je \u00falo\u017en\u00e9 zariadenie bez pohybliv\u00fdch \u010dast\u00ed. D\u00e1ta uklad\u00e1 do NAND flash pam\u00e4te, preto m\u00e1 v\u00fdrazne ni\u017e\u0161iu pr\u00edstupov\u00fa dobu ne\u017e HDD a pri be\u017enej pr\u00e1ci zr\u00fdch\u013euje \u0161tart syst\u00e9mu, programov aj na\u010d\u00edtavanie s\u00faborov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ako funguje?<br>Radi\u010d zapisuje d\u00e1ta do NAND flash pam\u00e4te a z\u00e1rove\u0148 riadi ich \u010d\u00edtanie. Ke\u010f\u017ee SSD nem\u00e1 to\u010diace sa platne, k d\u00e1tam pristupuje ve\u013emi r\u00fdchlo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 parametre:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Kapacita:<\/strong> 250 GB \u2013 8 TB<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>TBW (\u017eivotnos\u0165):<\/strong> \u010d\u00edm viac, t\u00fdm lep\u0161ie<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>IOPS:<\/strong> v\u00fdkon pri mal\u00fdch s\u00faboroch<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cache (DRAM):<\/strong> v\u00fdrazne zlep\u0161uje v\u00fdkon<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Form\u00e1t:<\/strong> 2,5&#8243;, M.2 2280, M.2 2242<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Chladenie:<\/strong> d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pri NVMe 4.0\/5.0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Typy pod\u013ea rozhrania:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>SATA SSD (2,5&#8243;)<\/strong>, SATA 3 (6 Gb\/s), \u010d\u00edtanie: ~500\u2013550 MB\/s, z\u00e1pis: ~450\u2013520 MB\/s<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>M.2 SATA SSD<\/strong>, SATA (len in\u00fd fyzick\u00fd form\u00e1t), r\u00fdchlos\u0165 rovnak\u00e1 ako 2,5&#8243; SATA, nejde do NVMe-only M.2 slotu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>M.2 NVMe SSD (PCIe)<\/strong>, PCIe 3.0 \/ 4.0 \/ 5.0, r\u00fdchlos\u0165: PCIe 3.0: ~3 500 MB\/s, PCIe 4.0: ~7 000 MB\/s, PCIe 5.0: 10 000+ MB\/s<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>PCIe SSD (karta do slotu)<\/strong>, workstation, servery, maxim\u00e1lny v\u00fdkon<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Extern\u00e9 SSD<\/strong>, USB 3.2 \/ USB-C \/ Thunderbolt, r\u00fdchlos\u0165: 500 \u2013 3 000 MB\/s<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad185f8678bd&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad185f8678bd\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"393\" height=\"318\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/zakladne-pojmy-4.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-205\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/zakladne-pojmy-4.webp 393w, https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/zakladne-pojmy-4-300x243.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 393px) 100vw, 393px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>SATA SSD (2,5&#8243;)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad185f868faf&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad185f868faf\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"309\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-65\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-3.png 400w, https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-3-300x232.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>M.2 SATA SSD<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad185f8695cc&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad185f8695cc\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"404\" height=\"327\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-66\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-4.png 404w, https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-4-300x243.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 404px) 100vw, 404px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>M.2 NVMe SSD (PCIe)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Flash_pamate_a_prenosne_media\"><\/span>Flash pam\u00e4te a prenosn\u00e9 m\u00e9di\u00e1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>M\u00e9di\u00e1 s Flash pam\u00e4\u0165ou<\/strong>&nbsp;sa vyzna\u010duj\u00fa mal\u00fdmi rozmermi a ked\u017ee neobsahuj\u00fa \u017eiadne pohybliv\u00e9 \u010dasti s\u00fa aj ve\u013emi odoln\u00e9 proti po\u0161kodeniu a to halvne p\u00e1dom alebo \u00faderom. V\u010faka tomu patria dnes k&nbsp;<strong>najpou\u017e\u00edvanej\u0161\u00edm<\/strong>&nbsp;na prenos d\u00e1t a v\u010faka neporovnate\u013ene v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej kapacite a n\u00edzkej cene oproti pru\u017en\u00fdm diskom, ktor\u00e9 u\u017e vlastne nahradili. Pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa sa vo forme pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00fdch kariet (napr. vo fotoapar\u00e1toch, notebookoch), tzv. USB k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov ale aj Flash pevn\u00fdch diskov (nahr\u00e1dzaj\u00fa klasick\u00fd pevn\u00fd disk a umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa zmen\u0161ova\u0165 rozmery notebookov a zni\u017eova\u0165 ich energetick\u00fa n\u00e1ro\u010dnos\u0165). Be\u017en\u00e1 kapacita flash pam\u00e4t\u00ed sa pohybuje od 1GB a\u017e po desiatky a dokonca aj stovky GB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e1 karta s flash pam\u00e4\u0165ou:&nbsp;<strong>SanDisk Extreme PRO SD karta, 1 TB, 200 MB\/s, SDXC, UHS-I<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad185f869cca&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad185f869cca\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"133\" height=\"181\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-71\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">USB k\u013e\u00fa\u010d s flash pam\u00e4\u0165ou:&nbsp;<strong>SanDisk Dual Drive Extreme PRO, 2TB, USB-C 3.2 Gen2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad185f86a1af&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad185f86a1af\" class=\"wp-block-image size-full wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"191\" height=\"122\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-6.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-72\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"BIOSUEFI_chipset_a_zbernice\"><\/span>BIOS\/UEFI, chipset a zbernice<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po zapnut\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010da hardv\u00e9r inicializuje <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#firmware\">firmv\u00e9r<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#uefi\">UEFI<\/a>, ktor\u00fd v modern\u00fdch PC nahradil klasick\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#bios\">BIOS<\/a>. Nastavuje z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 parametre hardv\u00e9ru a n\u00e1sledne odovzd\u00e1 riadenie opera\u010dn\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#chipset\">Chipset<\/a> a samotn\u00fd procesor zabezpe\u010duj\u00fa komunik\u00e1ciu medzi komponentmi. Grafick\u00e9 karty a \u010fal\u0161ie roz\u0161iruj\u00face zariadenia pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa najm\u00e4 PCI Express, zatia\u013e \u010do \u00falo\u017eisk\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017eu vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 SATA alebo PCIe\/NVMe. Ozna\u010denie M.2 pritom opisuje najm\u00e4 fyzick\u00fd form\u00e1t a konektor \u2013 M.2 disk nemus\u00ed by\u0165 automaticky NVMe.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Moderne_rozhrania_a_konektory\"><\/span>Modern\u00e9 rozhrania a konektory<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#usb\">USB<\/a><\/strong> (Universal Serial Bus) je univerz\u00e1lne rozhranie na pripojenie extern\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed, prenos d\u00e1t aj nap\u00e1janie. Konkr\u00e9tna r\u00fdchlos\u0165 z\u00e1vis\u00ed od verzie USB a zariadenia. Konektor <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#usb-c\">USB-C<\/a> pritom ozna\u010duje tvar konektora, nie automaticky r\u00fdchlos\u0165; cez USB-C m\u00f4\u017ee fungova\u0165 USB, nap\u00e1janie USB Power Delivery, obrazov\u00fd v\u00fdstup alebo Thunderbolt pod\u013ea podpory konkr\u00e9tneho zariadenia. Cez USB pripoj\u00edte r\u00f4zne zariadenia, napr\u00edklad: tla\u010diarne, my\u0161i, kl\u00e1vesnice, joysticky, fotoapar\u00e1ty, modemy ale je vhodn\u00e1 pre prenos d\u00e1t z videokamier a pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00fdch kariet, MP3 prehr\u00e1va\u010dov, extern\u00fdch diskov a extern\u00fdch napa\u013eovac\u00edch mechan\u00edk a mnoh\u00e9 z nich m\u00f4\u017ee USB aj priamo nap\u00e1ja\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad185f86a3e7&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad185f86a3e7\" class=\"wp-block-image wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pcsluzba.sk\/images\/usb.jpg\" alt=\"USB koncovka\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pre \u010fal\u0161ie inform\u00e1cie o USB ako aj o typoch konektorov doporu\u010dujeme pekn\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nok na&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/sk.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Univerz%C3%A1lna_s%C3%A9riov%C3%A1_zbernica\">Wikip\u00e9dii<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rozsirujuce_karty\"><\/span>Roz\u0161iruj\u00face karty<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Moderne_rozsirujuce_karty\"><\/span>Modern\u00e9 roz\u0161iruj\u00face karty<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Stoln\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de prip\u00e1jaj\u00fa roz\u0161iruj\u00face karty najm\u00e4 cez PCI Express. Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie ide o samostatn\u00fa grafick\u00fa kartu, sie\u0165ov\u00fa kartu, zvukov\u00fa kartu, radi\u010d diskov alebo \u0161pecializovan\u00fa kartu na video \u010di profesion\u00e1lne rozhrania. Mnoh\u00e9 funkcie, ktor\u00e9 kedysi vy\u017eadovali samostatn\u00fa kartu, dnes v\u00fdrobcovia integruj\u00fa priamo na z\u00e1kladn\u00fa dosku alebo do procesora.<\/p>\n\n<p>Star\u0161ie po\u010d\u00edta\u010de pou\u017e\u00edvali aj tieto typy pr\u00eddavn\u00fdch kariet:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>karta pre vstup a v\u00fdstup ktor\u00e1 ma obvykle s\u00e9riov\u00e9 a paraleln\u00e9 porty:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"162\" height=\"120\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pcsluzba.sk\/images\/serial_paralel.jpg\" alt=\"S\u00e9riovo-paraleln\u00e1 karta\"><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>grafick\u00e1 karta &#8211; sl\u00fa\u017ei na zobrazenie \u00fadajov na monitore, pr\u00edklad superv\u00fdkonnej grafickej karty HP NVIDIA RTX 4500 Ada 24 GB 4DP Graphics:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"118\" height=\"84\" class=\"wp-image-75\" style=\"width: 118px;\" src=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-7.png\" alt=\"\"><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ovl\u00e1da\u010d pevn\u00e9ho disku alebo diskov spolu s ovl\u00e1da\u010dom pru\u017en\u00e9ho disku:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"148\" height=\"130\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pcsluzba.sk\/images\/sata.jpg\" alt=\"SATA radi\u010d\"><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010eal\u0161ie pr\u00eddavn\u00e9 karty m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>game port &#8211; na pripojenie hrac\u00edch ovl\u00e1da\u010dov, joystickov &#8211; tie sa ale dnes v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou prip\u00e1jaj\u00fa cez USB<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#nic\">sie\u0165ov\u00e1 karta<\/a> &#8211; na pripojenie po\u010d\u00edta\u010da do po\u010d\u00edta\u010dovej siete (lok\u00e1lnej &#8211; LAN ale aj bezdr\u00f4tovej &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#wifi\">Wi-Fi<\/a>):<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"216\" height=\"130\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pcsluzba.sk\/images\/lan.jpg\" alt=\"Sie\u0165ov\u00e1 karta\"><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zvukov\u00e1 karta &#8211; reprodukcia zvuku z po\u010d\u00edta\u010da, hlavne multimedi\u00e1lneho (mo\u017eno k nej pripoji\u0165 sluch\u00e1tka, reproduktory, mikrof\u00f3n, zosi\u013eova\u010d a in\u00e9):<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"170\" height=\"130\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pcsluzba.sk\/images\/sound.jpg\" alt=\"Zvukov\u00e1 karta\"><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#ups\">UPS<\/a> monitorovacia karta &#8211; prepojenie so zdrojom nepretr\u017eit\u00e9ho zdroja nap\u00e1jania<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>in\u00e9 karty &#8211; napr. pre ovl\u00e1danie streamera, skenera, faxmodemu &#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Historicke_technologie_s_ktorymi_sa_este_mozete_stretnut\"><\/span>Historick\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie, s ktor\u00fdmi sa e\u0161te m\u00f4\u017eete stretn\u00fa\u0165<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad185f86aa86&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad185f86aa86\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/moderne-a-starsie-technologie-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"Modern\u00e9 a star\u0161ie po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie \u2013 DDR4 a DDR5, NVMe M.2 SSD, USB-C, PCIe, UEFI, Wi-Fi, HDD, IDE, disketa a CD\/DVD\" class=\"wp-image-1848\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/moderne-a-starsie-technologie-1024x1024.webp 1024w, https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/moderne-a-starsie-technologie-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/moderne-a-starsie-technologie-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/moderne-a-starsie-technologie-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/moderne-a-starsie-technologie.webp 1254w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Modern\u00e9 a historick\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie, s ktor\u00fdmi sa m\u00f4\u017eete stretn\u00fa\u0165 pri po\u010d\u00edta\u010doch<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Star\u0161ie po\u010d\u00edta\u010de pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa technol\u00f3gie, ktor\u00e9 u\u017e v nov\u00fdch zostav\u00e1ch takmer nen\u00e1jdeme. V servise sa s nimi v\u0161ak st\u00e1le m\u00f4\u017eeme stretn\u00fa\u0165, preto ich m\u00e1 zmysel pozna\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pru\u017en\u00fd disk<\/strong>&nbsp;&#8211; disketa (po angl. floppy disk) je druh vymenite\u013en\u00e9ho&nbsp;<strong>prenosn\u00e9ho z\u00e1znamov\u00e9ho m\u00e9dia<\/strong>&nbsp;s&nbsp;<strong>magnetick\u00fdm<\/strong>&nbsp;z\u00e1znamom. Jedn\u00e1 sa o pru\u017en\u00fd plastov\u00fd kot\u00fa\u010d s magneticku vrstvou ulo\u017een\u00fd v plastovom p\u00fazdre ktor\u00e9 ho chr\u00e1ni pred mechanick\u00fdm po\u0161koden\u00edm.Pr\u00edklad 3,5&#8243; pru\u017en\u00e9ho disku s kapacitou 1,44MB:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad185f86ad2b&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad185f86ad2b\" class=\"wp-block-image wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pcsluzba.sk\/images\/floppy.jpg\" alt=\"3,5&quot; pru\u017en\u00e9ho disku s kapacitou 1,44MB\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Optick\u00e9 m\u00e9di\u00e1<\/strong>&nbsp;v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti hlavne CD (Compact disc), DVD (Digital Versatile Disk) a BD (Blu-ray) disky. Existuj\u00fa disky len na \u010d\u00edtanie &#8211; ROM, na jednor\u00e1zov\u00fd z\u00e1pis R (Recordable) a prepisovate\u013en\u00e9 RW (Rewritable). Optick\u00e9 disky pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na \u010d\u00edtanie a z\u00e1pis \u00fadajov minuat\u00farne dr\u00e1zky v z\u00e1znamovej vrstve. Laser \u010d\u00edta a zapisuje \u00fadaje do z\u00e1znamovej vrstvy. V\u00fdrobcovia p\u00f4vodne zapisovali d\u00e1ta na optick\u00e9 disky len pri v\u00fdrobe lisovan\u00edm, podobne ako pri LP platniach. Dnes m\u00f4\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e zapisova\u0165 d\u00e1ta na optick\u00e9 disky aj doma \u2013 tento proces pozn\u00e1me ako vypa\u013eovanie alebo napa\u013eovanie.Pr\u00edklad jedn\u00e9ho z posledn\u00fdch typov optick\u00e9ho m\u00e9dia &#8211; Bluray &#8211; s kapacitou 25GB:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6ad185f86af12&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6ad185f86af12\" class=\"wp-block-image wp-lightbox-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pcsluzba.sk\/images\/bluray.jpg\" alt=\"Bluray\"\/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_dnes_najviac_ovplyvnuje_vykon_pocitaca\"><\/span>\u010co dnes najviac ovplyv\u0148uje v\u00fdkon po\u010d\u00edta\u010da?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p>Pri be\u017enej pr\u00e1ci nerozhoduje jedin\u00fd komponent. R\u00fdchlos\u0165 syst\u00e9mu ovplyv\u0148uje kombin\u00e1cia procesora, dostatku RAM, r\u00fdchleho SSD, grafickej karty a spr\u00e1vneho chladenia. Slab\u00fd alebo po\u0161koden\u00fd komponent m\u00f4\u017ee brzdi\u0165 cel\u00fa zostavu.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ak je po\u010d\u00edta\u010d pomal\u00fd, pozrite si \u010dl\u00e1nok <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/pomaly-pocitac-priciny-riesenia\/\">Pomal\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d alebo notebook? Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pr\u00ed\u010diny a rie\u0161enia<\/a>. Pri n\u00e1hodnom zam\u0155zan\u00ed pom\u00f4\u017ee sprievodca <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/pocitac-zamrza-priciny-riesenia\/\">Po\u010d\u00edta\u010d zam\u0155za \u2013 naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pr\u00ed\u010diny a rie\u0161enia<\/a> a pri re\u0161tartoch alebo vyp\u00ednan\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nok <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/pocitac-sa-sam-vypina-alebo-restartuje\/\">Po\u010d\u00edta\u010d sa s\u00e1m vyp\u00edna alebo re\u0161tartuje<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Casto_kladene_otazky_FAQ\"><\/span>\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky (FAQ)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Aky_je_rozdiel_medzi_hardverom_a_softverom\"><\/span>Ak\u00fd je rozdiel medzi hardv\u00e9rom a softv\u00e9rom?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hardv\u00e9r predstavuje fyzick\u00e9 s\u00fa\u010diastky po\u010d\u00edta\u010da, napr\u00edklad procesor, pam\u00e4\u0165 RAM alebo SSD disk. Softv\u00e9r tvoria opera\u010dn\u00fd syst\u00e9m, programy a aplik\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 na hardv\u00e9ri funguj\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_procesor_CPU\"><\/span>\u010co je procesor (CPU)?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Procesor je hlavn\u00e1 v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00e1 jednotka po\u010d\u00edta\u010da. Spracov\u00e1va \u00fadaje, vykon\u00e1va programy a v\u00fdrazne ovplyv\u0148uje celkov\u00fd v\u00fdkon po\u010d\u00edta\u010da.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Na_co_sluzi_operacna_pamat_RAM\"><\/span>Na \u010do sl\u00fa\u017ei opera\u010dn\u00e1 pam\u00e4\u0165 RAM?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">RAM sl\u00fa\u017ei na do\u010dasn\u00e9 ukladanie \u00fadajov a programov po\u010das pr\u00e1ce s po\u010d\u00edta\u010dom. Viac RAM umo\u017e\u0148uje pohodlnej\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edvanie viacer\u00fdch aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed naraz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Aky_je_rozdiel_medzi_HDD_a_SSD_diskom\"><\/span>Ak\u00fd je rozdiel medzi HDD a SSD diskom?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">HDD pou\u017e\u00edva mechanick\u00e9 platne a pohybliv\u00e9 \u010dasti. SSD nem\u00e1 \u017eiadne pohybliv\u00e9 \u010dasti, je v\u00fdrazne r\u00fdchlej\u0161\u00ed, tich\u0161\u00ed a odolnej\u0161\u00ed vo\u010di otrasom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_znamena_M2\"><\/span>\u010co znamen\u00e1 M.2?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M.2 je modern\u00fd form\u00e1t SSD diskov. Disky M.2 zaberaj\u00fa menej miesta a pri pou\u017eit\u00ed rozhrania NVMe dosahuj\u00fa podstatne vy\u0161\u0161ie r\u00fdchlosti ako klasick\u00e9 SATA SSD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Na_co_sluzi_graficka_karta_GPU\"><\/span>Na \u010do sl\u00fa\u017ei grafick\u00e1 karta (GPU)?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Grafick\u00e1 karta spracov\u00e1va obraz a zobrazuje ho na monitore. Je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 najm\u00e4 pri hr\u00e1ch, grafick\u00fdch programoch, \u00faprave videa a pr\u00e1ci s umelou inteligenciou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_znamena_PCI_Express_PCIe\"><\/span>\u010co znamen\u00e1 PCI Express (PCIe)?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PCI Express je vysokor\u00fdchlostn\u00e9 rozhranie pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 na pripojenie grafick\u00fdch kariet, SSD diskov a \u010fal\u0161\u00edch roz\u0161iruj\u00facich kariet k z\u00e1kladnej doske.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_LAN_a_WAN\"><\/span>\u010co je LAN a WAN?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LAN (Local Area Network) je lok\u00e1lna sie\u0165 v dom\u00e1cnosti alebo firme. <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#wan\">WAN<\/a> (Wide Area Network) je rozsiahla sie\u0165 sp\u00e1jaj\u00faca viacero lokal\u00edt, napr\u00edklad internet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_DNS\"><\/span>\u010co je DNS?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#dns\">DNS<\/a> (Domain Name System) prev\u00e1dza n\u00e1zvy webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nok, napr\u00edklad pcsluzba.sk, na <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#ip\">IP adresy<\/a>, ktor\u00fdm po\u010d\u00edta\u010de rozumej\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_VPN\"><\/span>\u010co je VPN?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/slovnik-pojmov\/#vpn\">VPN<\/a> (Virtual Private Network) vytv\u00e1ra \u0161ifrovan\u00e9 spojenie medzi zariaden\u00edm a internetom. Pom\u00e1ha chr\u00e1ni\u0165 s\u00fakromie a bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 pri prenose d\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak s po\u010d\u00edta\u010dom e\u0161te len za\u010d\u00ednate, pozrite si aj praktick\u00fd n\u00e1vod <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-ovladanie-windows-10-11\/\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 ovl\u00e1danie Windows 10 a 11.<\/a> Krok za krokom vysvet\u013euje pr\u00e1cu s pracovnou plochou, oknami, s\u00fabormi, USB k\u013e\u00fa\u010dom, internetom a z\u00e1kladn\u00fdmi nastaveniami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u013ead\u00e1te \u010fal\u0161ie tipy a n\u00e1vody pre Windows? Pre\u010d\u00edtajte si n\u00e1\u0161 <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/windows-kompletny-sprievodca\/\">Windows \u2013 kompletn\u00fd sprievodca<\/a>, kde n\u00e1jdete na jednom mieste inform\u00e1cie o Windows 10, Windows 11, zr\u00fdchlen\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010da, bezpe\u010dnosti, aktualiz\u00e1ci\u00e1ch aj rie\u0161en\u00ed naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9mov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Potrebujete poradi\u0165 s v\u00fdberom po\u010d\u00edta\u010da, SSD disku alebo roz\u0161\u00edren\u00edm pam\u00e4te RAM? Pozrite si aj \u010dl\u00e1nok o <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/prehrievanie-notebooku-priciny-a-riesenia\/\">prehrievan\u00ed notebookov<\/a> alebo n\u00e1s <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/kontakty.html\">kontaktujte<\/a> pre odborn\u00e9 poradenstvo. Pre\u010d\u00edtajte si aj \u010dl\u00e1nok <a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/ako-zalohovat-pocitac\/\">Ako z\u00e1lohova\u0165 po\u010d\u00edta\u010d<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\t<div class=\"pcsluzba-phone-cta\">\n\n\t\t<div class=\"pcsluzba-phone-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t<strong>Po\u010d\u00edta\u010d alebo Windows nefunguje spr\u00e1vne?<\/strong>\n\n\t\t\t<p>\n\t\t\t\tPom\u00f4\u017eeme s diagnostikou, opravou syst\u00e9mu, odstr\u00e1nen\u00edm probl\u00e9mov\n\t\t\t\taj zr\u00fdchlen\u00edm po\u010d\u00edta\u010da \u2013 osobne alebo na dia\u013eku.\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"pcsluzba-phone-cta__action\">\n\n\t\t\t<a href=\"tel:+421911758922\" class=\"pcsluzba-phone-button\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"pcsluzba-phone-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">&#9742;&#65038;<\/span>\n\t\t\t\tZavola\u0165 0911 758 922\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/wa.me\/421911758922\" class=\"pcsluzba-whatsapp-button\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"pcsluzba-wa-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M16.04 3C8.83 3 3 8.74 3 15.83c0 2.5.74 4.94 2.13 7.02L3 29l6.32-2.03a13.15 13.15 0 0 0 6.71 1.83h.01C23.25 28.8 29 23.06 29 15.96 29 8.86 23.25 3 16.04 3zm0 23.63a10.9 10.9 0 0 1-5.57-1.52l-.4-.24-3.75 1.2 1.23-3.62-.26-.42a10.58 10.58 0 0 1-1.67-5.7c0-5.87 4.68-10.64 10.43-10.64 5.74 0 10.42 4.77 10.42 10.64 0 5.86-4.68 10.3-10.43 10.3zm5.72-7.74c-.31-.16-1.85-.93-2.14-1.03-.29-.11-.5-.16-.71.16-.21.31-.81 1.03-.99 1.24-.18.21-.36.24-.68.08-.31-.16-1.32-.5-2.52-1.58-.93-.83-1.56-1.86-1.74-2.17-.18-.31-.02-.48.14-.64.14-.14.31-.37.47-.56.16-.18.21-.31.31-.52.1-.21.05-.39-.03-.55-.08-.16-.71-1.74-.97-2.38-.26-.62-.52-.54-.71-.55h-.61c-.21 0-.55.08-.84.39-.29.31-1.1 1.09-1.1 2.66 0 1.57 1.13 3.09 1.29 3.3.16.21 2.22 3.45 5.38 4.84.75.33 1.34.52 1.8.67.76.24 1.44.21 1.98.13.6-.09 1.85-.77 2.11-1.51.26-.75.26-1.38.18-1.51-.08-.13-.29-.21-.61-.37z\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\tNap\u00edsa\u0165 cez WhatsApp\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/servis-pc.html\" class=\"pcsluzba-service-link\">\n\t\t\t\tViac o na\u0161om servise PC \u2192\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t<small>Bratislava a okolie \u2022 Denne 8:00 \u2013 20:00<br>Aj cez v\u00edkendy a sviatky<\/small>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pojmy o PC pom\u00e1haj\u00fa zorientova\u0165 sa v tom, z \u010doho sa po\u010d\u00edta\u010d sklad\u00e1, \u010do ovplyv\u0148uje jeho v\u00fdkon a ak\u00fd je rozdiel medzi pojmami ako CPU, RAM, GPU, SSD alebo NVMe. \u010cl\u00e1nok sp\u00e1ja dne\u0161n\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie s historick\u00fdmi pojmami, s ktor\u00fdmi sa e\u0161te m\u00f4\u017eete stretn\u00fa\u0165 pri star\u0161\u00edch po\u010d\u00edta\u010doch. Najprv si vysvetl\u00edme hlavn\u00e9 \u010dasti modern\u00e9ho PC a &#8230; <a title=\"Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pojmy o PC\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/pcsluzba.sk\/blog\/zakladne-pojmy-o-pc\/\" aria-label=\"Pre\u010d\u00edtajte si viac o Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pojmy o PC\">\u010c\u00edta\u0165 viac<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1850,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,93,62],"tags":[167,123,171,168,109,169,170,106,166,160],"class_list":["post-55","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-informacie","category-pocitace","category-wi-fi","tag-hardver","tag-it-slovnik","tag-operacny-system","tag-pc","tag-pocitace","tag-pocitacove-pojmy","tag-procesor","tag-ram-2","tag-softver","tag-ssd-2"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pojmy o PC \u2013 CPU, RAM, SSD, GPU a komponenty<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pojmy o PC: CPU, RAM, GPU, SSD, NVMe, z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 doska, USB a \u010fal\u0161ie komponenty. 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